Performance of biodiesel production by means of Ultrasonic Transesterification
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.17.2.2021.06Keywords:
biodiesel, efficiency, incidence factor, mixing temperature, ultrasoundAbstract
Introduction- In recent years, the use of renewable energies and eco-friendly fuels has increased, among which one of the best performance is biodiesel, the paper shows an upgrade in the efficiency and effectiveness laboratory level's biodiesel obtaining.
Objective- Evaluating the production of biodiesel employing ultrasound is presented, leading to improve the response time and efficiency of the reaction, concerning the conventional method using only temperature.
Methodology-. In the transesterification process, castor oil, methanol, and potassium hydroxide are used, obtaining biodiesel and glycerin. A factorial design with two levels for transit time, mixing temperature, and ultrasound intensity were applied in an instrumented scale reactor to control these variables.
Results- In the tests, values close to the reference stoichiometric value of the reaction were obtained. The statistic indicates a normal behavior of data, and identifies it as a factor of incidence in the efficiency of the reaction to the intensity of the ultrasound, concerning the response time of the reaction, the mixing temperature and the intensity of ultrasound.
Conclusions- The efficiency of the reaction concerning the studied factors, it only depends on the ultrasound obtaining up to 95.7% of the stoichiometric value; and the response time of the reaction depends on the temperature and ultrasound, obtaining times of formation of product four times faster.
Downloads
References
F. C. De Oliveira & S. T. Coelho, “History, evolution, and environmental impact of biodiesel in Brazil: A review,” RSER, vol. 75, pp. 168–179, Aug. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.10.060
M. Mubarak, A. Shaija & T. V Suchithra, “A review on the extraction of lipid from microalgae for biodiesel production,” Algal Res, vol. 7, pp. 117–123, Jan. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2014.10.008
H. H. Mardhiah, H. C. Ong, H. H. Masjuki, S. Lim & H. V Lee, “A review on latest developments and future prospects of heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel production from non-edible oils,” RSER, vol. 67, pp. 1225–1236, Jan. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.036
P. Verma, M. P. Sharma & G. Dwivedi, “Impact of alcohol on biodiesel production and properties,” RSER, vol. 56, pp. 319–333, Apr. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.048
B. Bharathiraja, M. Chakravarthy, R. R. Kumar, D. Yuvaraj, J. Jayamuthunagai, R. P. Kumar & S. Palani, “Biodiesel production using chemical and biological methods--A review of process, catalyst, acyl acceptor, source and process variables,” RSER, vol. 38, pp. 368–382, Oct. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.05.084
I. A. Musa, “The effects of alcohol to oil molar ratios and the type of alcohol on biodiesel production using transesterification process,” Egypt J Pet, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 21–31, Mar. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2015.06.007
A. A. Mancio, K. M. B. da Costa, C. C. Ferreira, M. C. Santos, D. E. L. Lhamas, S. A. P. da Mota, R. A. C. Leão, R. de Souza, M. E. Araújo, L. E. P. Borges & N. T. Machado, “Thermal catalytic cracking of crude palm oil at pilot scale: Effect of the percentage of Na2CO3 on the quality of biofuels,” Ind Crops Prod, vol. 91, pp. 32–43, 30 Nov. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.06.033
A. H. M. Fauzi, N. A. S. Amin & R. Mat, “Esterification of oleic acid to biodiesel using magnetic ionic liquid: multi-objective optimization and kinetic study,” Appl Energy, vol. 114, pp. 809–818, Feb. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.011
O. Farobie & Y. Matsumura, “A comparative study of biodiesel production using methanol, ethanol, and tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) under supercritical conditions,” Bior Tech, vol. 191, pp. 306–311, Sep. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.102
P. Verma & M. P. Sharma, “Review of process parameters for biodiesel production from different feedstocks,” RSER, vol. 62, pp. 1063–1071, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.04.054
V. K. Aniya, R. K. Muktham, K. Alka & B. Satyavathi, “Modeling and simulation of batch kinetics of non-edible karanja oil for biodiesel production: a mass transfer study,” Fuel, vol. 161, pp. 137–145, 1 Dec. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.08.042
L. S. Keong, D. S. Patle, S. R. Shukor & Z. Ahmad, “IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2016,” IOP Conf Ser: Mater Sci Eng, vol. 121, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/121/1/012007
H. Saroso, “Study On Reaction Kinetics Transesterification Coconut Oil By Using The Catalyst NaOH PLUG Flow Reactor (PFR),” Int J Eng Innov Res, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 217–219, 2016. Available from https://ijeir.org/administrator/components/com_jresearch/files/publications/IJEIR_2043_FINAL.pdf
M. del C. Ortiz, P. García, L. M. Lagunes, M. I. Arregoitia, R. García & M. A. León, “Obtención de biodiesel a partir de aceite crudo de palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Aplicación del método de ruta ascendente,” Acta Univ, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 3–10, 2016. https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2016.910.ccba.uady.mx/ojs/index.php/TSA/article/view/1469
K. J. Laidler, “The development of the Arrhenius equation,” J. Chem. Educ, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 494–, 1984. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed061p494
H. D. Inurreta Aguirre, E. García Pérez, J. Uresti Gil, J. P. Martínez Dávila & H. Ortiz Laurel, “Potencial para producir Jatropha curcas L. como materia prima para biodiésel en el estado de Veracruz,” Trop Subtrop Agroecosyst, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 325–339, Sep.-Dic. 2013. Available: https://www.revista
M. Kouzu & J. Hidaka, “Transesterification of vegetable oil into biodiesel catalyzed by CaO: a review,” Fuel, vol. 93, pp. 1–12, Mar. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.09.015 pp. 5431–5436, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b00689
N. Sharma, U. K. Sharma & E. V der Eycken, “Microwave-Assisted Organic Synthesis: Overview of Recent Applications,” Green Tech Org Synth Med Chem, vol. 17, pp. 441–468, Jan. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119288152.ch17
M. De Bruyn, V. L. Budarin, G. S. J. Sturm, G. D. Stefanidis, M. Radoiu, A. Stankiewicz & D. J. Macquarrie, “Subtle Microwave-Induced Overheating Effects in an Industrial Demethylation Reaction and Their Direct Use in the Development of an Innovative Microwave Reactor,” J Am Chem Soc, vol. 139, no. 15,
J. M. Berrío, “Efecto del Hexano y la concentración de metanol sobre la transesterificación de aceite crudo de palma utilizando Na2CO3 como catalizador,” Rev CITECSA, vol. 8, no. 13, pp. 15–23, 2017. Available: https://revistas.unipaz.edu.co/index.php/revcitecsa/article/view/135
H. Hamze, M. Akia & F. Yazdani, “Optimization of biodiesel production from the waste cooking oil using response surface methodology,” Process Saf Environ Prot, vol. 94, pp. 1–10, Mar. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2014.12.005
J. M. Marchetti, V. U. Miguel & A. F. Errazu, “Possible methods for biodiesel production,” RSER, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1300–1311, Aug. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2005.08.006
V. G. Gude, P. Patil, E. Martinez-Guerra, S. Deng & N. Nirmalakhandan, “Microwave energy potential for biodiesel production,” Sustain Chem Process, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 1–31, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1186/2043-7129-1-5
J. Luo, Z. Fang & R. L. Smith Jr, “Ultrasound-enhanced conversion of biomass to biofuels,” Prog Energy Combust Sci, vol. 41, pp. 56–93, Apr. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2013.11.001
T. Issariyakul & A. K. Dalai, “Biodiesel from vegetable oils,” RSER, vol. 31, pp. 446–471, Mar. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.11.001
V. B. Veljković, I. B. Banković-Ilić & O. S. Stamenković, “Purification of crude biodiesel obtained by heterogeneously-catalyzed transesterification,” RSER, vol. 49, pp. 500–516, Sep. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.097
U. Schuchardt, R. Sercheli & R. M. Vargas, “Transesterification of vegetable oils: a review,” J Braz Chem Soc, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 199–210, May. 1998. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50531998000300002 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.12.009
C. A. G. Quispe, C. J. R. Coronado & J. A. Carvalho Jr, “Glycerol: production, consumption, prices, characterization and new trends in combustion,” RSER, vol. 27, pp. 475–493, Nov. 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.06.017
S. M. Palash, H. H. Masjuki, M. A. Kalam, A. E. Atabani, I. M. R. Fattah & A. Sanjid, “Biodiesel production, characterization, diesel engine performance, and emission characteristics of methyl esters from Aphanamixis polystachya oil of Bangladesh,” Energy Convers Manag, vol. 91, pp. 149–157, Feb. 2015.
J. K. Poppe, C. R. Matte, M. do C. R. Peralba, R. Fernandez-Lafuente, R. C. Rodrigues & M. A. Z. Ayub, “Optimization of ethyl ester production from olive and palm oils using mixtures of immobilized lipases,” Appl Catal A Gen, vol. 490, pp. 50–56, Jan. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2014.10.050
A. K. Azad, M. G. Rasul, M. M. K. Khan, S. C. Sharma & M. A. Hazrat, “Prospect of biofuels as an alternative transport fuel in Australia,” Renew Sustain Energy Rev, vol. 43, pp. 331–351, Mar. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.11.047
A. E. Atabani, A. S. Silitonga, I. A. Badruddin, T. M. I. Mahlia, H. H. Masjuki & S. Mekhilef, “A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics,” RSER, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 2070–2093, May. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.003
J. F. Florez Marulanda & D. R. Ortega Alegria, “Design and manufacturing of an ultrasonic reactor for biodiesel obtaining by transesterification,” Dyna, vol. 86, no. 211, pp. 75–83, 2019. https://doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n211.78518
K. S. Suslick, “The chemical effects of ultrasound,” Sci Am, vol. 260, no. 2, pp. 80–86, Feb. 1989. Available: https://suslick.scs.illinois.edu/documents/sciamer8980.pdf
D. C. Montgomery,Diseño y análisis de experimentos, CDMX.: Limusa Wiley, 2008.
W. M. Mendenhall, T. L. Sincich & N. S. Boudreau, Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences, Student Solutions Manual, 6th Edition. BR., CL., USA.: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1201/b19628
M. Berrios, M. C. Gutiérrez, M. A. Martín & A. Martín, “Application of the factorial design of experiments to biodiesel production from lard,” Fuel Process Technol, vol. 90, no. 12, pp. 1447–1451, Dec. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.06.026
G. Vicente, A. Coteron, M. Martinez & J. Aracil, “Application of the factorial design of experiments and response surface methodology to optimize biodiesel production,” Ind Crops Prod, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 29–35, Mar. 1998. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6690(97)10003-6
A. M. Medeiros, Ê. R. M. Santos, S. H. G. Azevedo, A. A. Jesus, H. N. M. Oliveira & E. M. B. D. Sousa, “Chemical interesterification of cotton oil with methyl acetate assisted by ultrasound for biodiesel production,” Braz J Chem Eng, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 1005–1018, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20180353s20170001
S. B. A. V. S. Lakshmi, N. S. Pillai, M. S. B. K. Mohamed & A. Narayanan, “Biodiesel production from rubber seed oil using calcined eggshells impregnated with Al 2 O 3 as heterogeneous catalyst: A comparative study of RSM and ANN optimization,” Brazilian J Chem Eng, vol. 37, pp. 1351–368, Jun. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43153-020-00027-9
M. L. Pisarello, B. O. Dalla Costa, N. S. Veizaga & C. A. Querini, “Volumetric method for free and total glycerin determination in biodiesel,” Ind Eng Chem Res, vol. 49, no. 19, pp. 8935–8941, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie100725f
M. L. Pisarello, B. O. Dalla Costa, N. S. Veizaga & C. A. Querini, “Volumetric method for free and total glycerin determination in biodiesel,” Ind Eng Chem Res, vol. 49, no. 19, pp. 8935–8941, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie100725f
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 INGE CUC
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Published papers are the exclusive responsibility of their authors and do not necessary reflect the opinions of the editorial committee.
INGE CUC Journal respects the moral rights of its authors, whom must cede the editorial committee the patrimonial rights of the published material. In turn, the authors inform that the current work is unpublished and has not been previously published.
All articles are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
English
Español (España)
