Evaluation of the use of lignocellulosic fibers for the reinforcement of rigid polyurethane foams
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.16.1.2020.08Keywords:
rigid polyurethane foam, biocomposite, lignocellulosic, rice husk, mango peel, microcrystalline celluloseAbstract
Introduction: Oil reserves are non-renewable resources, which can be replaced by biomass, from agroindustrial waste such as lignocellulosic fibers, allowing the partial replacement of petroleum derivatives.
Objective: This article aims to evaluate the use of lignocellulosic fibers for the reinforcement of rigid polyurethane foams.
Methodology: A pretreatment of the lignocellulosic material, such as mango husks, rice husk and cellulose microcrystals was carried out, then the cellulose and lignin content was determined, and then the content of the hydroxyl group (OH) present in the samples was determined. fibers and the synthesis of polyurethane foams, including lignocellulosic material by 5%, 10% and 15%. Finally, the foams are characterized with bulk density, water absorption, tensile strength and FTIR spectroscopy.
Results: The rice husk presented the best result with an OH replacement of 15%, density of 33 kg/m3 and resistance to tension 152.92 kPa. For the absorption of water, the mango peels reached a 277% increase in mass, for 15% OH.
Conclusions: The replacement of lignocellulosic fibers, such as mango husks and rice husks to reinforce rigid polyurethane foams, are an opportunity to use renewable resources with greater added value and industrial applications. Foams reinforced with 15% rice husks are the ones that have the best results and in terms of bulk density a maximum value of 33 kg/m3 was obtained, when compared with the samples of mango peel and cellulose microcrystals. For tensile strength, it records a value of 152.92 kPa, with an increase of 79% with respect to the reference foam. Thus these foams reinforced with rice husk can be used as a material with resistance to mechanical stresses and it is recommended to evaluate their use as a thermal insulator. Of the fibers evaluated, the mango peel is the best option for a foam for horticultural use, since it obtained a water absorption capacity of 277.30% corresponding to the sample with a substitution percentage of 15%.
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