Subáreas de internacionalización de emprendimientos: una revisión bibliográfica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17981/econcuc.42.1.2021.Org.7Palabras clave:
Internacionalización, Emprendimiento, Educación, Redes, Estado del arte, Revisión documentalResumen
En un mundo globalizado y en constante cambio por el avance acelerado de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, se hace imprescindible que los emprendimientos se creen y proyecten a escenarios globales, con el objetivo de mejorar sus capacidades y rendimientos resultante de las ventajas competitivas adquiridas en el proceso. Si bien es cierto que gran parte de la literatura manifiesta las bondades de la internacionalización, este fenómeno es percibido de diferentes maneras: en algunos mercados como altamente destacable y en otros aún es incipiente. Además, aunque goza de varias décadas de estudio carece de unificación de los aspectos más dominantes. De ahí que este artículo identifica los ejes temáticos que más interés le han causado a la comunidad académica en torno a la Internacionalización del Emprendimiento y realiza los siguientes pasos: 1) análisis de los indicadores cienciométricos, en la base de datos indexada Scopus para conocer los documentos sobre internacionalización en emprendimientos; 2) utilización del paquete bibliometrix para identificar las subáreas entorno a la temática; 3) selección de las subáreas con mayor preponderancia. Los resultados demuestran tres enfoques, dos relaciones directas y uno con relación indirecta al campo empresarial, donde la primera es Orientación al Emprendimiento Internacional, la segunda Educación en la Internacionalización de los Emprendimientos y la tercera Redes Empresariales Internacionales. En términos prácticos, los empresarios, el gobierno e instituciones pueden utilizar dichas tendencias para la toma de decisiones con el ánimo de engranar los esfuerzos emanados por cada uno de estos actores en el proceso de internacionalización.
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