Programas de Victimización por Bullying (Intimidación) y Prevención de Bullying Intimidación como Predictores del Apoyo entre Compañeros en el Aula para Estudiantes Inmigrantes y Nacidos en los Estados Unidos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17981/cultedusoc.14.2.2023.07Palabras clave:
Estudiante, Inmigrante, Bullying, Nivel de apoyo de los compañerosResumen
Introducción: En promedio, uno de cada cuatro estudiantes en las escuelas de los Estados Unidos son parte de familias inmigrantes, y la escuela es el lugar principal donde se relacionan con sus compañeros nacidos en los Estados Unidos. Su capacidad para prosperar en el aula puede verse afectada, tanto por el acoso como por el apoyo de sus compañeros y maestros. Objetivo: Este documento buscó comprender las relaciones entre los programas de prevención de bullying y el personal de salud mental de escuelas en el apoyo de compañeros en el aula, señalando las diferencias entre los estudiantes inmigrantes y los nacidos en los Estados Unidos. Metodología: Los datos provienen de 7 881 estudiantes de quinto a décimo grado de la encuesta transversal The Health Behavior in School Children (HBSC). Stata se utilizó para ejecutar estadísticas descriptivas, pruebas t y un Modelo Lineal Jerárquico (HLM) para examinar la medida en qué los diferentes apoyos, victimizaciones y demografía influyen en el nivel de apoyo de los compañeros que los estudiantes sienten en el aula. Resultados y discusión: Los resultados indican que no hay diferencia en los niveles de apoyo de los compañeros, entre los estudiantes inmigrantes y los nacidos en los Estados Unidos. Sin embargo, la influencia de la victimización interpersonal por bullying tuvo una relación negativa con el apoyo entre compañeros, tanto para estudiantes nacidos en Estados Unidos como para inmigrantes, a través de múltiples modelos. Conclusiones: Las implicaciones sugieren más investigación sobre el tema y también más defensa de los programas de prevención del bullying que son dirigidos por pares e intencionalmente dan cuenta de los estudiantes inmigrantes.
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