Classification of satellite images used in the Rural Environmental Cadastre (REC): a case study in the municipality of Parobé - RS

Abstract

Introduction: Based on the historical suppression of native vegetation to another type of land use (agriculture, livestock, mining) and with the advancement of geotechnology, it became increasingly important to rationally plan the occupation and the territorial use. In this context comes the CAR (Rural Environmental Registration) as a promotion of environmental sustainability mechanisms, sanctioned by the New Brazilian Forest Code (Law 12,651 / 2012). Objetive: In this way, this research has the objective of evaluating how the images used for the generation of the CAR homologation base, referring to the years 2008 and 2011, are effective for environmental mapping, analyzing the municipality of Parobé, in Rio Grande do Sul. Methodology: The images of temporal analysis, using the district of Parobé as a case of study, were divided into two groups. The first compared images of the years 2008 and 2011 (as sanctioned in the Forest Code) and the second group analyzed images from 1985 and 2015 (for which there was a greater coverage for comparison purposes). Results: The results showed that between the years of 2008 and 2011 the disturbed areas of Parobé decreased by 1%, as the areas with native vegetation grew by 11% in this period. Between 1985 and 2015 there was a decrease of 6% in disturbed areas and areas of native vegetation remained in both years occupying 21% of the city. The CAR is of extreme importance for the society because it facilitates the mapping of rural properties, helps to control deforestation and the location of legal reserves, in addition to encouraging economic growth through legal activities within the property. The district of Parobé is ahead of the national average over the quality of environmental planning. Conclusions: This result was expressed by rates of deforestation of native vegetation near zero over 30 years.