Uso de bioestimulantes en el manejo sustentable de cultivos frutales: una revisión narrativa

Autores/as

  • Guilherme Barreto University of Passo Fundo
  • Claudia Petry University of Passo Fundo
  • Diógenes Silveira Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
  • Thomas Trentin University of São Paulo
  • Ana Paula Turmina Sumitono Chemical Ltda.
  • José Luís Trevizan Chiomento University of Passo Fundo

Palabras clave:

Agroecosistemas, fruticultura, huertos, sostenibilidad, bioinsumos

Resumen

Introducción: A escala mundial, los obstáculos para la fruticultura corresponden a la falta de mano de obra calificada, la limitada cantidad de tierra cultivable disponible y los altos costos de adquisición de fertilizantes y pesticidas. Estos inconvenientes, ligados a impactos ambientales y daños ecotoxicológicos, indican que científicos, industrias y fruticultores han mostrado interés en el desarrollo de bioherramientas para el manejo de plantas frutales con el objetivo de la producción óptima de los huertos, como los bioestimulantes. Este bioinsumo estimula los procesos de nutrición de las plantas independientemente del contenido de nutrientes del producto, con el objetivo de mejorar la eficiencia en el uso de los nutrientes, la tolerancia al estrés abiótico y las características de calidad y disponibilidad de los nutrientes disponibles en el medio de cultivo. Objetivo­: Así, esta revisión narrativa tiene como objetivo analizar el estado del arte en cuanto al uso de bioestimulantes en la fruticultura, recopilar información sobre la correcta aplicación de estos bioinsumos y presentar alternativas a la difusión de bioestimulantes en agroecosistemas frutícolas. La totalidad de los mecanismos de acción de los bioestimulantes aún debe comprenderse mejor. Resultados: La aplicabilidad de bioestimulantes en el manejo de cultivos frutales demostró ser una posibilidad relevante para otorgar sostenibilidad a los sistemas productivos en fruticultura y reducir costos, aumentando la productividad, la vida útil y reduciendo los daños causados por las adversidades climáticas en los cultivos, principalmente el estrés hídrico. Conclusiones: El desarrollo de una legislación específica para bioestimulantes debe contribuir sustancialmente a generar credibilidad con los agricultores para diferenciar, por ejemplo, fertilizantes foliares y agentes microbianos.

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2023-05-14

Cómo citar

Barreto, G., Petry, C., Silveira, D., Trentin, T., Turmina, A. P., & Chiomento, J. L. T. (2023). Uso de bioestimulantes en el manejo sustentable de cultivos frutales: una revisión narrativa . LADEe Latin American Developments in Energy Engineering, 4(1), 29–48. Recuperado a partir de https://ojstest.certika.co/IDEE/article/view/5013

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Vol. 4 Núm. 1 (2023): Enero-Junio

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