The institutions of fiduciary (trust) management and testamentary foundations in Russia and Germany: comparative analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.17.1.2021.02Keywords:
testamentary foundations, fiduciary property management, heir, trust, business inheritanceAbstract
The study was aimed to consider the existing institutions of fiduciary management of hereditary property and testamentary foundations in Russian and German legislation, to compare the institute of testamentary foundations with the fiduciary management of hereditary property in the legislation of the Russian Federation, to identify similarities and differences between Russian testamentary foundations and German (posthumous) testamentary foundations. Such research methods as comparative legal analysis, synthesis, analysis, formal-logical and other methods of scientific research have been employed within the study conducted. The article presents the results of a comparative legal analysis of Russian and German legislations and points out potential challenges in Russian law enforcement practice. Comparative legal analysis and comparison of the current Russian legislation with the experience of legislative regulation of (posthumous) testamentary foundations in the Federal Republic of Germany allowed to reveal a tendency of adopting the positive experience of German law.
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References
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Carbonnier, J. (2000). Droit civil 1. [Thémis Droit privé]. París: Presses Universitaires de France.
De La Torre, M. (2018). Use of the financial sector for money laundering: a perspective from the Ecuadorian legislation / Utilización del sector financiero para el lavado de dinero: perspectiva desde la legislación ecuatoriana. Jurídicas CUC, 14(1), 145–166. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.14.1.2018.07
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Emelkina, I. A. (2018). The Legal Status of a Testamentary Foundation Beneficiary. Inheritance Law, 2, 29–33.
Förster, L. (2017). Die Stiftung von Todes wegen. Ein Praxisleitfaden. Stiftung & Sponsoring, (05), 1–21. Retrieved from: https://www.erbrecht-stiftungsrecht.de/images/pdf/SuS_2017-05_Foerster.pdf
German Empire. (18 de agosto de 1896). Germán Civil Code. [Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, BGB]. Law Gazette of the German Reich, 1896(21), 195–603. Available from http://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/BGBDR18961900.htm
Goltsblat, A. A. (nov 6, 2018). Why Can’t Testamentary Foundations Replace Foreign Trusts. forbes.ru. [Online]. Available: https://www.forbes.ru/finansy-i-investicii/368805-pochemu-nasledstvennym-fondam-ne-udastsya-zamenit-inostrannye-trasty
Kartashov, M. A. (2017). Testamentary Foundation: New Russian Legislation and Foreign Experience. Modern Law, 10, 83–90.
Kirillova, E. A. (2019). The Legal Status of Testamentary Foundations in Russia. Notary, 2, 33–36. Available: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=37112998
Kirillova, E. A. (2016). Trust Management of the Inherited Property in the Russian Federation: Legislative Innovations. Notary, 3, 33–36. Available: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25869112
Korop, I. I. (2019). Challenging Issues of the Testamentary Foundation Institution. Inheritance Law, 2, 7–10. Available from https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=38220637
Krasheninnikov, P. V. (2018). Inheritance Law. Moscow: Statut.
Krasheninnikov, P. V., Mikheeva, L., Rasskazova, N., Petrov, E., Kozlova, N., Pavlova, G., Ignatenko, A., Goncharenko, I., Budylin, S., Zimina, I. & Aleshev, I. (2018). Testamentary Foundation: alternative to trusts in the Russian law? Law, 9, 18–38.
Makarova, O. A. (2018). Inheriting “Business-on-the-Go”: How Can a Testamentary Foundation Manage Shares? Laws of Russia: experience, analysis, practice, 4, 37–42. Available from: http://www.bukvoved.ru/anno/anno-4-2018.html#z6
Medvedev, I. G. (2007). Commentary on conventions in the field of property relations between spouses and inheritance. Мoscow: Walters Clover.
Mikryukov, V. A. & Mikryukova, G. A. (2018). The Civil Law Status of a Testamentary Foundation. Notary, 8, 31–34. Available: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=36499468
Novikova, N. A. (2017). Real estate fiduciary management contract under the civil legislation of the Russian Federation. [PhD thesis in law]. Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russian Federation.
OHCHR. (aug 12, 1949). Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II). [Online]. Available from https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/protocolii.aspx
Povarov, Y. S. (2018). Bases of the System of Testamentary Foundation Management and Control Over its Financial and Economic Activities. Probate Law, 2, 34–37.
Putintseva, E. P. (2016). Last will and testament in the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany. Moscow: Statut.
Republic of Colombia. Constitutional Court. (feb 8, 2005). Exp. D-5342. [Judgment C-101]. RJ: Alfredo Beltrán Sierra. Retrieved from: http://www.corteconstitucional.gov.co/relatoria/2005/C-101-05.htm
Republic of Colombia. Constitutional Court. (may 31, 2000). Exp. D-2684. [Judgment C-641]. RJ: Fabio Moron Diaz. Retrieved from: http://www.corteconstitucional.gov.co/relatoria/2000/C-641-00.htm
Republic of Colombia. Constitutional Court. (nov, 28, 1996). Exp. D-1349. [Judgment C-660]. RJ: José Alfredo Salamanca Ávila. Retrieved from http://www. corteconstitucional.gov.co/relatoria/1996/C-660-96.htm
R.F. State Duma. (jul 29, 2017). On amendments to parts one, two and three of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. (last edition). Federal Law: No. 259-FZ. Available from https://www.eg-online.ru/document/law/393824/
R.F. State Duma. (jan 12, 1966). On Non-Profit Organisations of the Russian (as amended on 08.06.2020). Federation. Federal Law: No. 7-FZ. Available from https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2013)037-e
R.F. State Duma. (nov 26, 2001). The Civil Code of the Rusian Federation. [ГКРФ]. Part Three: No. 146-FZ. Available from https://rospatent.gov.ru/en/documents/1-civil-code-of-the-russian-federation-part-one/download
R.F. State Duma. (jan 26, 1996). The Civil Code of the Rusian Federation. [ГКРФ]. Part Two: No. 14-FZ. Available from https://rospatent.gov.ru/en/documents/1-civil-code-of-the-russian-federation-part-one/download
R.F. State Duma. (nov 13, 1994). The Civil Code of the Russian Federation. [ГКРФ]. Part One: No. 51-FZ. Available from https://rospatent.gov.ru/en/documents/1-civil-code-of-the-russian-federation-part-one/download
Zakhar N. Gorbunov, Ph. D., Professor of the Department of financial markets and banks at Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Russian Federation).
Alexey P. Albov, Candidate of economic sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of accounting, analysis and audit, Deputy Head of the Chair of “Economics of intellectual property” at Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Russian Federation).
Lyudmila M. Kupriyanova, Doctor of Law, Russian Customs Academy, Moscow (Russian Federation).
Nataliya E. Sokolinskaya, Ph. D. student, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University) (Moscow, Russian Federation).
Anosov, M. (Feb 14, 2019). Testamentary foundations and fiduciary management of inherited property: legislative innovations through the eyes of a notary. EZh-Layer, (6)1057. Retrieved from: https://www.eg-online.ru/article/393827/
Ayusheeva, I. Z. (2018). Features of the civil status of the inheritance fund. Actual Problems of Russian Law, 8(1), 100–108. https://doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2018.93.8.100-108
Bundesnotarkammer. (2004). Stiftung von Todes wegen als Erbfolgeplanung. [Online]. Retrieved from: http://bundesnotarkammer.info/9:670/Pressemitteilungen/2004/pm_quartalskammern_0404_1.html (accessed 21 November 2019)
Carbonnier, J. (2000). Droit civil 1. [Thémis Droit privé]. París: Presses Universitaires de France.
De La Torre, M. (2018). Use of the financial sector for money laundering: a perspective from the Ecuadorian legislation / Utilización del sector financiero para el lavado de dinero: perspectiva desde la legislación ecuatoriana. Jurídicas CUC, 14(1), 145–166. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.14.1.2018.07
ECHR. (jul 13, 2004). Case of Pla and Punserno v. Andorra. [Judgments No. 69498/01]. Application No. 69498/01. Retrieved from: https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-61900%22]}
Emelkina, I. A. (2018). The Legal Status of a Testamentary Foundation Beneficiary. Inheritance Law, 2, 29–33.
Förster, L. (2017). Die Stiftung von Todes wegen. Ein Praxisleitfaden. Stiftung & Sponsoring, (05), 1–21. Retrieved from: https://www.erbrecht-stiftungsrecht.de/images/pdf/SuS_2017-05_Foerster.pdf
German Empire. (18 de agosto de 1896). Germán Civil Code. [Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch, BGB]. Law Gazette of the German Reich, 1896(21), 195–603. Available from http://www.koeblergerhard.de/Fontes/BGBDR18961900.htm
Goltsblat, A. A. (nov 6, 2018). Why Can’t Testamentary Foundations Replace Foreign Trusts. forbes.ru. [Online]. Available: https://www.forbes.ru/finansy-i-investicii/368805-pochemu-nasledstvennym-fondam-ne-udastsya-zamenit-inostrannye-trasty
Kartashov, M. A. (2017). Testamentary Foundation: New Russian Legislation and Foreign Experience. Modern Law, 10, 83–90.
Kirillova, E. A. (2019). The Legal Status of Testamentary Foundations in Russia. Notary, 2, 33–36. Available: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=37112998
Kirillova, E. A. (2016). Trust Management of the Inherited Property in the Russian Federation: Legislative Innovations. Notary, 3, 33–36. Available: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25869112
Korop, I. I. (2019). Challenging Issues of the Testamentary Foundation Institution. Inheritance Law, 2, 7–10. Available from https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=38220637
Krasheninnikov, P. V. (2018). Inheritance Law. Moscow: Statut.
Krasheninnikov, P. V., Mikheeva, L., Rasskazova, N., Petrov, E., Kozlova, N., Pavlova, G., Ignatenko, A., Goncharenko, I., Budylin, S., Zimina, I. & Aleshev, I. (2018). Testamentary Foundation: alternative to trusts in the Russian law? Law, 9, 18–38.
Makarova, O. A. (2018). Inheriting “Business-on-the-Go”: How Can a Testamentary Foundation Manage Shares? Laws of Russia: experience, analysis, practice, 4, 37–42. Available from: http://www.bukvoved.ru/anno/anno-4-2018.html#z6
Medvedev, I. G. (2007). Commentary on conventions in the field of property relations between spouses and inheritance. Мoscow: Walters Clover.
Mikryukov, V. A. & Mikryukova, G. A. (2018). The Civil Law Status of a Testamentary Foundation. Notary, 8, 31–34. Available: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=36499468
Novikova, N. A. (2017). Real estate fiduciary management contract under the civil legislation of the Russian Federation. [PhD thesis in law]. Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russian Federation.
OHCHR. (aug 12, 1949). Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II). [Online]. Available from https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/protocolii.aspx
Povarov, Y. S. (2018). Bases of the System of Testamentary Foundation Management and Control Over its Financial and Economic Activities. Probate Law, 2, 34–37.
Putintseva, E. P. (2016). Last will and testament in the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany. Moscow: Statut.
Republic of Colombia. Constitutional Court. (feb 8, 2005). Exp. D-5342. [Judgment C-101]. RJ: Alfredo Beltrán Sierra. Retrieved from: http://www.corteconstitucional.gov.co/relatoria/2005/C-101-05.htm
Republic of Colombia. Constitutional Court. (may 31, 2000). Exp. D-2684. [Judgment C-641]. RJ: Fabio Moron Diaz. Retrieved from: http://www.corteconstitucional.gov.co/relatoria/2000/C-641-00.htm
Republic of Colombia. Constitutional Court. (nov, 28, 1996). Exp. D-1349. [Judgment C-660]. RJ: José Alfredo Salamanca Ávila. Retrieved from http://www. corteconstitucional.gov.co/relatoria/1996/C-660-96.htm
R.F. State Duma. (jul 29, 2017). On amendments to parts one, two and three of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. (last edition). Federal Law: No. 259-FZ. Available from https://www.eg-online.ru/document/law/393824/
R.F. State Duma. (jan 12, 1966). On Non-Profit Organisations of the Russian (as amended on 08.06.2020). Federation. Federal Law: No. 7-FZ. Available from https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2013)037-e
R.F. State Duma. (nov 26, 2001). The Civil Code of the Rusian Federation. [ГКРФ]. Part Three: No. 146-FZ. Available from https://rospatent.gov.ru/en/documents/1-civil-code-of-the-russian-federation-part-one/download
R.F. State Duma. (jan 26, 1996). The Civil Code of the Rusian Federation. [ГКРФ]. Part Two: No. 14-FZ. Available from https://rospatent.gov.ru/en/documents/1-civil-code-of-the-russian-federation-part-one/download
R.F. State Duma. (nov 13, 1994). The Civil Code of the Russian Federation. [ГКРФ]. Part One: No. 51-FZ. Available from https://rospatent.gov.ru/en/documents/1-civil-code-of-the-russian-federation-part-one/download
Zakhar N. Gorbunov, Ph. D., Professor of the Department of financial markets and banks at Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Russian Federation).
Alexey P. Albov, Candidate of economic sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of accounting, analysis and audit, Deputy Head of the Chair of “Economics of intellectual property” at Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Russian Federation).
Lyudmila M. Kupriyanova, Doctor of Law, Russian Customs Academy, Moscow (Russian Federation).
Nataliya E. Sokolinskaya, Ph. D. student, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University) (Moscow, Russian Federation).
Published
2020-10-13
How to Cite
Gorbunov, Z., Albov, A., Kupriyanova, L., & Sokolinskaya, N. (2020). The institutions of fiduciary (trust) management and testamentary foundations in Russia and Germany: comparative analysis. JURIDICAS CUC, 17(1), 43–64. https://doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.17.1.2021.02
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